"Intellectual Property" is the results of intellectual activities of people which have proprietary nature. It is "intangible asset", which is distinguished from tangible asset, such as equipment and real estate. "Intangible asset" tends to be easily imitated and can be used by more than one person simultaneously.
Without any rule, imitation and theft of idea, according to the above, could become widespread , which will lead to decline in people's motivation to create something new or original, and thus to interfere with our industries and cultural activities. This is why "Intellectual Property Law", including patent law and copyright law, was established which defines legal objects and means of protection.
"Intellectual Property" is "Intangible asset", which is easily-overlooked if you are not conscious of it.
In fact, because many people aren't conscious of their "intellectual property" created by themselves or doesn't know how to protect it, they lack the legal protections to feel frustrated.
When you come up with or create something new, you should consult professionals, such as a patent attorney, before third parties know it.
"Intellectual Property" includes, for example, invention, devisal, computer program, design, trademark(service mark), know-how(trade secrets), literature, scientific work, fine art, music.
They are protected by laws as shown by the following table.
| Law | Target | Protection Measure | Protection Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patent Law | Invention (Technical idea) |
Exclusive right | 20 years from the filing date |
| Utility Model Law | Devisal (Technical idea, such as shape and structure) |
Exclusive right | 10 years from the filing date |
| Design Law | Design | Exclusive right | 20 years from the registration date |
| Trademark Law | Trade name, service name, service mark |
Exclusive right | 10 years from the registration date (Updatable) |
| Unfair Competition Prevention Act |
Trade Secrets | Right to damages, Right to demand injunction |
As long as it's subject for protection |
| Copyright Law | Works | Plagiarism prohibition | 50 years after the death of the author |
| Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act |
New Varieties of Plants |
Exclusive right to sell, produce and import | 25 years from the registration date |
| Act for Protection of the Circuit Layout of Semiconductors |
Circuit Layout of Semiconductors |
Exclusive right | 10 years from the registration date |